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Chapter 1 Traits

This chapter defines measured and sampled traits with associated protocols.

1.1 Leaf traits

  • LA: leaf area \(cm^{2}\)
  • LDMC: leaf dry matter content \(g.g^{-1}\)
  • LT: leaf thickness (\(\mu m\))
  • CC: chlorophyll content (\(\mu g.cm^{-2}\))
  • SLA: specific leaf area (\(g.cm^{-2}\))

1.2 Hydraulic traits

  • RWC: relative water content (%) is of special interest as it reflects the amount of water present the leaf relative to the maximum it can hold (BARRs & WEATHERLEy 1962)
  • \(\Psi _{TLP}\): leaf water potential at which leaf cells lose turgor (MPa), a key drought tolerance trait.
  • \(g_{min}\): leaf minimum conductance \(mmol.m^{-2}.s^{-1}\) taking into account water losses through the cuticle and incompletely closed stomata.
  • Stomatal density: morphological characteristic at the crossroads between water loss and the maximum rate of photosynthesis (Schneider et al. 2017).
  • Nervation density: determining the capacity of water supply in leaves (Schneider et al. 2017).
  • Leaf chemistry?

1.3 Photochemical trait

  • \(\frac{Fv}{Fm}\): maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, which reflects photosynthesis efficiency (\(\mu mol . m^{-2} . s^{-1}/ \mu mol . m^{-2} . s^{-1}\))

1.4 Measured traits

  • Leaf traits
    • Fresh - Day 1
      • Dry thickness (3 points)
      • SPAD (3 points)
      • Fresh weight
      • Area (scan)
    • Dry - Day 4
      • Dry weight
  • Hydraulic traits
    • Day 1
      • Fresh weight
      • \(g_{min}\)
      • Stomatal density
      • \(\frac{Fv}{Fm}\)
      • Area (scan)
    • Day 2
      • Saturated weight
      • \(g_{min}\)
      • \(\Psi _{TLP}\)
    • Day 4
      • Dry weight

1.5 Protocols

Protocols to be merged between Marion and me.

Sylvain’s:

Marion’s:

  • Canopy trees
  • Collect in the upper crown
  • Assess tree and branch height
  • Assess tree and branch Dawkins
  • Collect tree with a DBH in the 10th to 90th quantiles of the species
  • 10 species (6 generalists, 2 terra-firme and 2 bottomlands) including 40 individuals from Marion’s METRADICA sampling.
  • Field worksheet
  • RWC
  • gmin
  • FvFm
  • \(\Psi _{TLP}\) protocol
  • Stomatas

References

BARRs, H.D. & WEATHERLEy, P.E. (1962). A RE-EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIVE TURGIDITY TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING WATER DEFICITS IN LEAVES By H. D. BARRs* and P. E. WEATHERLEyt. Aust.J.Biol.Sci, 413–428.

Schneider, J.V., Habersetzer, J., Rabenstein, R., Wesenberg, J., Wesche, K. & Zizka, G. (2017). Water supply and demand remain coordinated during breakdown of the global scaling relationship between leaf size and major vein density. New Phytologist, 214, 473–486.